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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Extensible 3D</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive large"><div class="entete icon informatique" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><div>X3D<br><small>Extensible 3D</small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r228712691">
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</style></div></div><table><caption style="text-align:center;background-color:#C0C0C0">Caractéristiques</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row"><a href="Extension_de_nom_de_fichier" title="Extension de nom de fichier">Extensions</a></th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p1195"><code>.x3d</code>, <code>.x3dv</code>, <code>.x3dz</code>, <code>.x3dbz</code>, <code>.x3dvz</code></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row"><a href="Type_de_m%C3%A9dias" title="Type de médias">Type MIME</a></th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p1163"><code> model/x3d+xml</code>, <code> model/x3d+binary</code>, <code> model/x3d+vrml</code></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Développé par</th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p178"><a href="Consortium_Web3D" title="Consortium Web3D">Consortium Web3D</a></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">Basé sur</th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p144"><a href="Virtual_Reality_Markup_Language" title="Virtual Reality Markup Language">VRML</a></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row"><a href="Organisation_internationale_de_normalisation" title="Organisation internationale de normalisation">ISO</a></th><td class=""><div>
<span class="wd_p503">19776, 19777</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<p><b>Extensible 3D</b> (X3D) est un <a href="Format_de_fichier" class="mw-redirect" title="Format de fichier">format de fichier</a> graphique et multimédia orienté <a href="Trois_dimensions" title="Trois dimensions">3D</a>. Il a été créé par le <a href="Consortium_Web3D" title="Consortium Web3D">consortium Web3D</a> dans le but de succéder à <a href="VRML" class="mw-redirect" title="VRML">VRML 2.0/97</a>. Il fut normalisé par l'<a href="ISO" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO">ISO</a> en 2005.
</p><p>X3D s'appuie sur une structuration de type <a href="Graphe_de_sc%C3%A8ne" title="Graphe de scène">graphe de scène</a> et peut être exprimé à l'aide de trois syntaxes différentes, à savoir la syntaxe <a href="VRML" class="mw-redirect" title="VRML">VRML</a> classique, une syntaxe basée sur <a href="Extensible_markup_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Extensible markup language">XML</a>, et enfin une version <a href="Fichier_binaire" title="Fichier binaire">binaire</a>.
</p><p>Actuellement, des <a href="Application_Programming_Interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application Programming Interface">API</a> existent pour les langages <a href="Langage_de_programmation_Java" class="mw-redirect" title="Langage de programmation Java">Java</a> et <a href="ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">ECMAScript</a>
</p><p>Début 2005, de nombreuses entreprises ont quitté le <a href="Consortium_Web3D" title="Consortium Web3D">consortium Web3D</a> afin de créer leur propre technologie 3D basée sur XML&nbsp;:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> avec <a href="U3D" title="U3D">U3D</a></li>
<li><a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> avec <a href="XAML" title="XAML">XAML</a></li>
<li><a href="Dassault_Syst%C3%A8mes" title="Dassault Systèmes">Dassault Systèmes</a> avec <a href="3D_XML" title="3D XML">3D XML</a></li></ul>
<p>Ces technologies ne sont cependant pas toutes aussi ouvertes, documentées et donc accessibles que <a href="VRML" class="mw-redirect" title="VRML">VRML</a> et X3D, qui sont disponibles gratuitement sur le web.
</p><p>Les mondes X3D peuvent être visualisés à l'aide de visionneurs.
</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exemples">Exemples</h2></div>
<p>En enregistrant le code suivant dans une page HTML, à côté d'un fichier .x3d<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contenant un objet <a href="Blender" title="Blender">Blender</a>, on obtient un exemple de page web en 3D<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;:
</p>
<div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-html mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="cp">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">http-equiv</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'Content-Type'</span> <span class="na">content</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'text/html;charset=utf-8'</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">meta</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">link</span> <span class="na">rel</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'stylesheet'</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'text/css'</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'http://www.x3dom.org/x3dom/release/x3dom.css'</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">link</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'text/javascript'</span> <span class="na">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'http://www.x3dom.org/x3dom/release/x3dom.js'</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Coordonnées brutes d'un triangle interactif<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">X3D</span> <span class="na">profile</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Interchange"</span> <span class="na">version</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"3.2"</span>
<span class="na">xmlns:xsd</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span>
<span class="na">xsd:noNamespaceSchemaLocation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"http://www.web3d.org/specifications/x3d-3.2.xsd"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">Scene</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">Shape</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">IndexedFaceSet</span> <span class="na">coordIndex</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"0 1 2"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">Coordinate</span> <span class="na">point</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"0 0 0 1 0 0 0.5 1 0"</span><span class="p">/&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">IndexedFaceSet</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">Shape</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">Scene</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">X3D</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">style</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"clear:both;"</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Intégration d'un fichier x3d<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">x3d</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'someUniqueId'</span> <span class="na">showStat</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'false'</span> <span class="na">showLog</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'false'</span> <span class="na">x</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'0px'</span> <span class="na">y</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'0px'</span> <span class="na">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'400px'</span> <span class="na">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'400px'</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">scene</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">inline</span> <span class="na">url</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'horse.x3d'</span> <span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">inline</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">scene</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">x3d</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
</pre></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2></div>
<div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://x3dom.org/x3dom/example/blenderExport/horse.x3d">http://x3dom.org/x3dom/example/blenderExport/horse.x3d</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.x3dom.org/?page_id=1101"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Blender export</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">x3dom.org</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-05-24" data-sort-value="2023-05-24">24 mai 2023</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="O3D" title="O3D">O3D</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2></div>
<ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.web3d.org/">Web3D Consortium</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visionneurs_X3D_(pour_la_visualisation_de_fichiers_X3D)"><span id="Visionneurs_X3D_.28pour_la_visualisation_de_fichiers_X3D.29"></span>Visionneurs X3D (pour la visualisation de fichiers X3D)</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openvrml.org/">OpenVRML</a> <a href="Open_Source" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Source">Open Source</a> (<a href="LGPL" class="mw-redirect" title="LGPL">LGPL</a>) et <a href="Multiplate-forme" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiplate-forme">Multiplate-forme</a>.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exemple_de_logiciels_utilisant_ce_format">Exemple de logiciels utilisant ce format</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="X3D_Fritz" class="mw-redirect" title="X3D Fritz">X3D Fritz</a></li></ul>
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